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USS Keokuk (1862)
USS ''Keokuk'' was an experimental ironclad screw steamer of the United States Navy named for the city of Keokuk, Iowa. She was laid down in New York City by designer Charles W. Whitney at J.S. Underhill Shipbuilders, at the head of 11th Street. She was originally named ''Moodna'' (sometimes incorrectly spelled "''Woodna''"), but was renamed while under construction, launched in December 1862 sponsored by Mrs. C. W. Whitney, wife of the builder, and commissioned in early March 1863 with Commander Alexander C. Rhind in command.
==Design==
''Keokuk'' was one of the first warships to be of completely iron construction, with wood used only for deck planks and filler in the armor cladding. Her hull construction consisted of five iron box keelsons and one hundred 1-inch-thick (some sources report the thickness as 3/4 inch) by 4-inch-deep iron frames spaced 18 inches between centers. The frames included integral iron cross beams for the decks, with no transverse wood timbers as used on the ''Monitor''. Her bow and stern sections were flooding spaces to allow raising and lowering her waterline.
Her two stationary, conical gun towers, each pierced with three gun ports, housed one 11-inch Dahlgren shell gun each on a shortened and rounded rotating wooden slide carriage (the tower shape often causing her to be mistaken for a double-turreted monitor). Her tower and casemate armor was made up from 1-inch-thick by 4-inch-deep horizontal iron bars alternating with planks of yellow pine of the same dimensions, sheathed with layers of overlapping, flush-bolted -inch rolled iron plates. A total thickness of this composite armor, including the hull skin proper, was 5.75 inches (146 mm).〔Canney, 〕 The deck was made of 5-inch wood planks overlaid with -inch-thick iron plate.〔Scientific American, December 20, 1862〕 She had two twin-cylinder main propulsion engines, each 250 hp. In total, ''Keokuk'' had nine steam engines providing power to various systems.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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